Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a form of cancer that originates in lymph node cells, fluids and tissues. The lymph nodes are responsible for creating the autoimmune cells in your body used to fight off diseases and infections. Some organs that contain lymph nodes and tissues are the spleen, adenoids, thymus gland, bone marrow and digestive tract. Although cancers that originate elsewhere can spread to the lymphatic system, cancers that originate in the system are considered lymphoma.
Since there are more than 30 types of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, it can be difficult to specifically diagnose. No matter the type, cancerous lymphoma cells severely impact the immune system. These infected cells can mimic certain genetic traits that would suppress the immune system's natural response to fight off invaders. Yet cancerous cells can destroy the immune system by robbing it of the nutrients necessary to produce antibodies. Another problem with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma is the location and size of tumor masses. These tumors can form in areas that obstruct the body's organs and paths. Particular types of Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas will originate in the abdomen.
Burkitt Lymphoma
Burkitt Lymphoma, a form of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, occurs when large tumor masses originate in the abdomen, starting in the bowels. Some research suggests that this form of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma originates with the Epstein-Barr virus, which causes glandular fever or mononucleosis. Symptoms include swelling, loss of appetite and unexplained weight loss.
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma is a more common type of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, affecting 20 percent of those diagnosed. The median age of the patients is 57. The infection is usually pretty localized in an organ or area, particularly the abdomen. Genetics are a major factor. Between 20 and 40 percent of those diagnosed have rearranged sequences in the BCL6 gene. Mutations in the non-coded region are also present in 70 percent of patients.
Treatment
Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma types can be difficult to treat, especially through surgery. These lymphomas often spread to other organs quickly. Surgical methods can be used to remove large portions of tumors that are obstructing the abdominal area (particularly the intestines). Most traditional treatment involves chemotherapy. Large B-Cell Lymphoma can be easily treated if caught early because of its localizing characteristics.
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