The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the virus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). About 40,000 people contract HIV each year in the United States. People can have HIV for many years before they notice symptoms, and can give the virus to others during this time so it is important to get tested regularly. No one knows for sure what causes HIV, but the causes for transmittal is known.
Blood
One way that HIV is transmitted is through blood. You can be exposed to HIV in blood by sharing needles with someone, by being stuck with a needle 's blood on it, or by getting someone else's blood in a cut or open wound.
Semen
You can be exposed to HIV in semen by having unprotected vaginal or anal intercourse who has HIV. It is also possible to become infected through oral sex, though not as likely as with anal and vaginal sex.
Vaginal Fluids
HIV can also be transmitted through vaginal fluids. This can occur through vaginal intercourse.
Breast Milk
HIV can be transmitted from mother to child from birth or through breast milk. The rates of mother to child transmission have greatly decreased in the United States in recent years due to drugs and education about transmission risk.
Prevention
The best way to prevent getting HIV is to not engage in any activity that puts you at risk, such as sex and exposure to others' blood. If you are sexually active you should get tested for HIV, know your partner's HIV status, and use latex or polyurethane condoms.
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