Although thyroid problems are uncommon in children, children can develop disorders of the thyroid gland including hypothyroidism (under activity) and hyperthyroidism (over activity). The symptoms of thyroid disorders depend on the type and cause of disorder, and they can be treated with lifestyle changes, medications and surgery. According to the Mayo Clinic and the National Library of Medicine, symptoms of thyroid problems in children include delays in growth and development.
Skin Changes
Babies and children with hypothyroidism may have jaundice of the skin and eyes, as well as puffiness around the face, mouth and tongue. Hyperthyroidism may cause children to excessively sweat.
Digestive Problems
Thyroid disorders may cause difficulty swallowing, diarrhea and constipation in children, which may become chronic and result in malnutrition if left untreated.
Growth
Hypothyroidism may cause children to grow more slowly in length and not reach their full potential height as adults if the condition persists. Hyperthyroidism may cause poor weight gain in children.
Cognitive Disorders
Children with thyroid disorders may experience cognitive problems such as slow development of the brain and poor social skills, which can lead to academic and behavioral problems at school.
Physical Development
Children with hypothyroidism may have delayed puberty, and girls may not have a first menstrual period until the late teens.
Neurological Effects
Children with hyperthyroidism may experience neurological effects including difficulty sleeping, muscle twitching, irritability, nervousness and anxiety.
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